A ROLE OF THE NEUROPEPTIDE GALANIN IN THE REGULATION OF BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF THE HUMAN ORGANISM IN NORMAL AND PATHOLOGIC CONDITIONS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2018-03-01

R.G. Gataulin, O.M. Veselova, O.I. Pisarenko National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 3rd Cherepkovskaya str., 15A, Moscow, 121552, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected]

The neuropeptide galanin (Gal) is widely distributed as well in central and peripheral nervous system, as in other organs and tissues of humans and animals. Its pleotropic effect is due to an activation or inhibition of galanin specific receptors – GalR1, GalR2 and GalR3. However, the role of the galaninergic system in the regulation of vital body functions is not enough studied. In this review, the expression of Gal is shown in pathologic and normal conditions, there is discussed its regulation role in the cardiovascular system, inflammation responses, food behavior and proinsulin release from β-cells of pancreas. Experimental data, showing the possibility of using Gal-receptors as therapeutic targets in patients with cardiometabolic disorders, are also presented. Therefore, molecular mechanisms triggered by Gal and its analogs in the intracellular cardioprotectionin ischemic and reperfusion stress can be of the practical value.
Keywords: 
galanin, galanin receptors, cardiovascular system, hypertension, myocardial ischemia, diabetes mellitus, central nervous system
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