EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT: THE ROLE OF MICRO-RNAS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2019-02-03

K.A. Aitbaev(1), R.R. Tuhvatshin(2), V.V. Fomin(3), I.T. Murkamilov(2, 4), M.T. Talaibekov(4) 1-Scientific Research Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine, T. Moldo str., 3, Bishkek, 720040, Kyrgyzstan; 2I-.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Akhunbaev str., 92, Bishkek, 720020, Kyrgyzstan; 3-I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, ul. Trubetskaya 8, b. 2, Russian Federation; 4-First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin Kyrgyz Russian Slavic University, Kievskaya str. , 44, Bishkek, 720000, Kyrgyzstan E-mail: [email protected]

Micro-RNAs are a group of small non-coding RNA molecules regulating target genes at the post-transcriptional level. Micro-RNAs are involved in the control of many pathophysiological processes, including dyslipidemia, the main risk factor for atherosclerosis. Current evidence suggests micro-RNAs to be a new class of epigenetic regulators controlling the metabolism of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), which makes a significant contribution to the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Accumulated data suggest micro-RNA, in particular, miR-33, miR-27, miR-144, miR-758 and miR-20, to be involved in the post-transcriptional control of ABCA1, ABCG1 and SCARB1 genes regulatory network of the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). These micro-RNAs have been shown to be central players in disrupting the path of RCT, leading to the development of atherosclerosis. This article presents the latest data on the participation of the corresponding micro-RNA at different stages of both HDL metabolism and the pathway of RCT. Some of the limitations on the therapeutic potential of micro-RNA and the prospects for transferring to the clinical plane the results of experimental studies on their participation in the regulation of RCT are also discussed.
Keywords: 
epigenetics, micro-RNA, reverse cholesterol transport, atherosclerosis, high-density lipoproteins

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