CELL TECHNOLOGIES FOR ENDOMETRIOSIS PATHOGENESIS STUDY

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2022-05-02

E.V. Okladnikova, T.G. Ruksha
Professor V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University,
Partizana Zheleznyaka str., 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022, Russian Federation

Introduction. Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory estrogen-dependent disease characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. The pathogenesis of endometriosis is not fully determined. The relevance of its study is due to the development of chronic inflammation in the lesions, which is accompanied by a pronounced pain syndrome. The appearance of ectopic foci in the reproductive system of women of fertile age can lead to the development of infertility. Animals or cell cultures can be used to study the pathogenesis of the disease. The aim of the study. To summarize the current data on the possibilities of modeling endometriosis using cell cultures, to consider the features of different models and their application to study the pathogenesis of the disease. Methods. The materials were the results of research on this topic over the past 20 years, from 2002 to 2022. The publications included in the databases «Pubmed», «Medline», «eLibrary.ru «. Results. This review provides information about the advantages and disadvantages of endometriosis modeling in vivo and in vitro. In animals, the initiation of the disease is impossible in a natural way (with the exception of primates), they require maintenance costs, their use is limited by ethical standards. Among the cell cultures used to study endometriosis, monocultures (stromal, epithelial, stem, mesothelial, immune cells) and co-cultures can be distinguished. The choice of the model is determined by the objectives of the study. The review presents some features of cell isolation from ectopic endometrial tissue, methods of cell identification and methods of their cultivation. The use of immortalized cell lines and 3D models in the study of the pathogenesis of the disease is discussed. Conclusion. Modeling of endometriosis has a number of technological problems due to both the nature of the disease and the biological properties of cells involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Compared to animal models, in vitro models allow easy access to target cells to identify critical cellular and molecular factors, and to evaluate intercellular interactions that contribute to the development of the disease
Keywords: 
endometriosis, in vitro, cell cultures, pathogenesis
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