МИКРОБИОТА И МЕЛАТОНИН В СИСТЕМЕ «МАТЬ–ПЛАЦЕНТА–ПЛОД»

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2021-01-02

И.И. Евсюкова ФГБНУ «НИИ акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии им. Д.О. Отта», Российская Федерация,199034, Санкт-Петербург, Менделеевская линия, д. 3 E-mail: [email protected]

В обзоре представлены данные литературы, раскрывающие механизм взаимного влияния микробиоты и мелатонина в единой системе «мать–плацента–плод». Показано многообразие выполняемых микробиотой функций, обеспеченных наличием коммуникаций между различными бактериальными экосистемами, их сбалансированным взаимодействием, а также ключевой ролью мелатонина в сохранении гомеостаза организма через контроль состава и жизнедеятельности микробиома. Существование циркадного ритма внутри комменсальных бактерий является ответом на эндокринный сигнал – мелатонин, который регулируется циркадными часами хозяина. Приведены результаты экспериментальных и клинических исследований, свидетельствующие об изменении в процессе беременности состава кишечной, плацентарной и вагинальной микробиоты. Закономерность перестройки состава микробиома определяется значительным возрастанием у здоровой беременной женщины продукции мелатонина, что подтверждает его ключевую роль в сохранении гомеостаза организма через контроль состава и жизнедеятельности микробиома, а также в создании оптимальных условий для благоприятного исхода беременности для матери и плода. При нарушении циркадной продукции мелатонина у беременной наблюдается дисбиоз микробиоты и развитие осложнений в единой системе «мать–плацента–плод». Прогнозирование и профилактика этих нарушений заключается в применении данным пациентам на этапе планирования семьи превентивной терапии с использованием мелатонина.
Ключевые слова: 
микробиота, беременность, плацента, плод
Для цитирования: 
Евсюкова И.И. МИКРОБИОТА И МЕЛАТОНИН В СИСТЕМЕ «МАТЬ–ПЛАЦЕНТА–ПЛОД». Молекулярная медицина, 2021; (1): -https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2021-01-02
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