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Роль физической активности в процессах нейрогенеза в гиппокампе
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2022-04-04
Целью настоящего обзора являлось определение роли физической активности как неотъемлемого компонента обогащения среды в процессах нейрогенеза в гиппокампе грызунов. Материал и методы. Поиск полнотекстовых материалов производился в базах данных Medline (PubMed) и Scopus за последние 15 лет. Результаты. Физическая активность может влиять на нейрональных предшественников в зубчатой извилине гиппокампа действуя, вероятно, через несколько молекулярных механизмов: 1) увеличение системной концентрации продуктов гликолиза (в первую очередь лактата) способствует усилению кровоснабжения зубчатой извилины, а также ангиогенезу; 2) выделяемые мышцами миокины стимулируют экспрессию нейротрофических факторов, таких, как нейротрофический фактор мозга BDNF; 3) уменьшение количества адипоцитов и снижение концентрации лептина при регулярных тренировках изменяют лейкопоэз, ингибируя пролиферацию потенциально провоспалительных лейкоцитов; 4) стимуляция блуждающего нерва способствует регуляции системного воспаления и деполяризации гранулярных клеток, что, вероятно, стимулирует дифференциацию нейрональных предшественников. Заключение. Физическая активность вне зависимости от других компонентов обогащенной среды стимулирует пролиферацию и выживание нейрональных предшественников зубчатой извилины гиппокампа.
Ключевые слова:
физическая активность, нейрогенез, нейрональная пластичность, гиппокамп, зубчатая извилина
Для цитирования:
Виноградова А.В., Смирнова П.А., Яковчук З.Ю., Тучина О.П. Роль физической активности в процессах нейрогенеза в гиппокампе. Молекулярная медицина, 2022; (4): 22-27https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2022-04-04
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