MICRORNAS IN ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES

DOI: https://doi.org/None

A.N. Shirshova (1), V.N Aushev (2), M.L.Filipenko (1), N.E.Kushlinskii (2) 1 -Institute of Сhemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrentyeva Pr., 8, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630090; 2 -N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Kashirskoye shosse, 24, Moscow, Russian Federation, 115478

The most important event in the molecular biology of the last years is the discovery of the regulation of intracellular processes by micro RNAs – a product of complicated processing of precursor RNAs synthesized on nuclear genes, that are playing the key role in the main processes of cellular cycle including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, signal transduction, DNA methylation and others. The deteriorations of mentioned processes may lead to the malignant transformation. The lecture describes the data on microRNA studies in oncological clinic for various tumor localizations: gastric, breast, ovarian, lung, thyroid cancer, hemoblastosis. Their role in clinical course of the disease and evaluation of tumor susceptibility to chemotherapy, as well as in the prognosis of overall and disease-free survival is demonstrated. Possibilities of targeted therapy with microRNA agonists and antagonists are discussed.
Keywords: 
microRNA, gastric cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, thyroid cancer, hemoblastosis, prognosis

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