THE ROLE OF ADIPOKINES IN PATHOGENESIS OF PERINATAL COMPLICATIONS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH DISORDERS OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM

DOI: https://doi.org/None

Kapustin R.V., Arzhanova O.N., Selkov S.A., Pakin V.S.

The role of key adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin, apelin, omentin) had been assessed as important factors for perinatal complications in mother with disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. The survey based on the analysis of literature data. Hyperglycemia and obesity during pregnancy were shown to give rise in the deterioration of both synthesis and functions of cytokines in adipose tissue. Dysregulation of the production of studied adipokines causes the dysfunction of β-cells of the pancreas and insulin receptors, which leads to the development of insulin resistance and the subsequent formation of gestational diabetes. Under conditions of concomitant sub-clinical inflammation and oxidative stress there is developed the more pronounced disturbance of adipocyte function and adipose tissue macrophages, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which leads to the formation of processes of endothelial dysfunction and disorders of the transport of fatty and amino acids to the fetus. Mentioned pathogenic mechanisms underlie in the appearance of pre-eclampsia and fetal macrosomia. The dysregulation of studied adipokines production was shown to occur just at the early stages of pregnancy. In this regard, the detection of concentrations of these adipokines can be used in routine practice for early diagnosis and prediction of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy.
Keywords: 
adipokines, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin
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