REPROGRAMMING OF THE GENOME IN ADAPTIVE RESPONSES OF THE CELL

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2019-01-05

1-Research and Development Centre of hyaluronic acid, Komsomolsky pr., 38/16, Moscow, 119146, Russian Federation; 2-N.S. Enikolopolov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials, Profsyuznaya str., 70, Moscow, 117393, Russian Federation; 3-Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya str., 8, Moscow, 125315, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected]

Introduction. New directions of the modern cell biology are the development of methods for reprogramming stem cells into differentiated ones and reverse reprogramming of differentiated cells into stem cells. Transient processes in cells from the one stable state to another are caused, as a rule, by stress factors of a certain intensity and duration. An adaptation of cells to stress factors in these cases is associated with the selective activation of multiple genes – reprogramming of the genome. Purpose of the study. To study the possibility of initiating «in vitro» mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) into differentiated skin fibroblasts under the influence of a complex of hyaluronic acid with gold nanoparticles (GNP) in a growth medium. To detect the optimal concentrations, the duration of the drug and the switching of the genome of MSC to genes which are characteristic of skin fibroblasts. Methods. Cell culture methods, MTT tests, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription methods for determining the transcription activity of genes were used in the work. Results. The dose and time dependences of the action of the hyaluronan complex with gold nanoparticles in the activation of cell proliferation and the initiation of stem cell differentiation into fibroblasts have been established. The reprogramming and differentiation of MSCs are indicated by the activation of transcription of the gene of collagen type I (gene COLA1) and the gene of vimentin in a definite population of MSC cells. Collagen type I is a protein for the formation of the intercellular matrix of the dermis of the skin, and vimentin protein is necessary for the formation of the intracellular matrix of fibroblasts. Conclusion. A complex of hyaluronic acid with GNP at a certain concentration and duration of action is shown to initiate the reprogramming of MSC cells in young skin fibroblasts
Keywords: 
gold Nanoparticles, hyaluronic acid, fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem cells
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