MECHANO-MODIFIED FORM OF OROTIC ACID IN THE CORRECTION OF HEPATOPATHY CAUSED BY HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2021-01-05

K.A. Pazinenko(1), M.V. Smetanina(1), N.N. Chuchkova(1), O.M. Kanunnikova(2), N.V. Kormilina(1), 1-Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Kommunarov, 281, Izhevsk, 426056, Russian Federation; 2-Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy, Tatyany Baramziny str., 4, Izhevsk, 426067, Russian Federation Е-mail: [email protected]

Introduction. The therapeutic effect of orotic acid (OA) is limited by the low absorption of the drug from the gАСТrointestinal tract, which can be overcome when the drug is processed by mechanical activation. The aim of the study is a comparative experimental research of the action of mechano-modified orotic acid in the conditions of hepatopathy caused by hyperhomocysteinemia. Methods. Preparations of orotic acid were administered in the initial form (IOA) and after mechanical activation (MOA) to white outbred rats with hyperhomocysteinemia. The blood was examined for liver enzymes, bilirubin, cytological blood analysis was performed. Histological research included calculation of density of cell location, the area of the functional parenchyma, the nuclear apparatus, the microvascular bed (100 µm2). Results. The use of MOA shows the more pronounced reduction of АЛТ – by 1.5 times; AP – 1.2 times; total bilirubin – 1.2 times (p
Keywords: 
mechano-modified form of orotic acid, homocysteine-induced hepatopathy, liver enzymes, hepatocytes

Список литературы: 
  1. De Cássia Zaghi Compri J., Andres Felli V.M., Lourenço F.R., Takatsuka T., Fotaki N., Löbenberg R., Bou-Chacra N.A., Barros de Araujo G.L. Highly Water-Soluble Orotic Acid Nanocrystals Produced by High-Energy Milling. J. Pharm Sci. 2019; 108 (5): 1848–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2018.12.015. Epub 2018 Dec 30. PMID: 30599168.
  2. Porto L.C., de CASTro C.H., Savergnini S.S., Santos S.H., Ferreira A.V., Cordeiro L.M., Sobrinho D.B., Santos R.A., de Almeida A.P., Botion L.M. Improvement of the energy supply and contractile function in normal and ischemic rat hearts by dietary orotic acid. Life Sci. 2012; 90 (13–14): 476–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2011.12.012. Epub 2012 Jan 20. PMID: 22285839.
  3. Robinson J.L., Dombrowski D.B., Tauss L.R., Jones L.R. Assessment in humans of hypolipidemia induced by orotic acid. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1985; 41 (3): 605–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/41.3.605. PMID: 3976560.
  4. Gromova O.A., Torshin I.Ju., Kalacheva A.G. Metabolomnyj kompendium po magnija orotatu. Effektivnaja farmakoterapija. 2015; 44: 14–26. [Gromova O.A., Torshin I.Yu., Kalacheva A.G. Magnesium Orotate Metabolic Compendium. E`ffektivnaya farmakoterapiya. 2015; 44: 14–26 (in Russian)]
  5. Avakumov E.G., Boldyrev V.V. Fundamental'nye osnovy mehanicheskoj aktivatsii, mehanosinteza i mehanohimicheskih tehnologij. Novosibirsk: Izd-o SO RAN, 2009; 343. [Avakumov E.G., Boldy`rev V.V. Fundamentals of mechanical activation, mechanosynthesis and mechanochemical technologies. Novosibirsk: Izd-o SO RAN, 2009; 343 (in Russian)]
  6. Braun D.E., Nartowski K.P., Khimyak Y.Z., Morris K.R., Byrn S.R., Griesser U.J. Structural Properties, Order-Disorder Phenomena, and Phase Stability of Orotic Acid Crystal Forms. Mol Pharm. 2016; 13 (3): 1012–29. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00856. Epub 2016 Jan 25. PMID: 26741914; PMCID: PMC4783786.
  7. Karban' O.V., Kanunnikov M.M., Chuchkova N.N., Savinova N.V., Muhgalin V.V., Gil'mutdinov F.Z., Komissarov V.B., Butolin E.G. Vlijanie mehanoaktivatsii na strukturu, fiziko-himicheskie i biologicheskie svojstva nanorazmernogo preparata «magnerot». Himicheskaja fizika i mezoskopija. 2014; 16 (4): 546–55. [Karban` O.V., Kanunnikov M.M., Chuchkova N.N., Savinova N.V., Muxgalin V.V., Gil`mutdinov F.Z., Komissarov V.B., Butolin E.G. The effect of mechanical activation on the structure, physico-chemical and biological properties of the nanometer-sized preparation «magnerot». Ximicheskaya fizika i mezoskopiya. 2014; 16 (4): 546–55 (in Russian)]
  8. Panteleev K.E., Tukmacheva K.A., Pazinenko O.A., Chuchkova N.N. Morfologicheskie dokazatel'stva formirovanija lekarstvennogo gepatita pri izbytochnom postuplenii ekzogennogo metionina. Materialy vserossijskoj nauchnoj konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Biologija v vysshej shkole: aktual'nye voprosy obrazovanija, nauki i mezhdistsiplinarnoj integratsii». 2019; 130–2. [Panteleev K.E., Tukmacheva K.A., Pazinenko O.A., Chuchkova N.N. Morphological evidence for the formation of drug-induced hepatitis with excessive exogenous methionine intake. Materialy` vserossijskoj nauchnoj konferencii s mezhdunarodny`m uchASTiem «Biologiya v vy`sshej shkole: aktual`ny`e voprosy` obrazovaniya, nauki i mezhdisciplinarnoj integracii» 2019; 130–2 (in Russian)]
  9. Pacana T., Cazanave S., Verdianelli A., Patel V., Min H.K., Mirshahi F., Quinlivan E., Sanyal A.J. Dysregulated Hepatic Methionine Metabolism Drives Homocysteine Elevation in Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. PLoS One. 2015; 10 (8): e0136822. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136822. PMID: 26322888; PMCID: PMC4556375.
  10. Roblin X., Pofelski J., Zarski J.P. Rôle de l’homocystéine au cours de la stéatose hépatique et de l’hépatite chronique C [Steatosis, chronic hepatitis virus C infection and homocysteine]. GASTroenterol Clin Biol. 2007; 31 (4): 415–20. French. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0399-8320(07)89402-4. PMID: 17483780.
  11. Esse R., Barroso M., Tavares de Almeida I., CASTro R. The Contribution of Homocysteine Metabolism Disruption to Endothelial Dysfunction: State-of-the-Art. Int J. Mol. Sci. 2019; 20 (4): 867. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040867. PMID: 30781581; PMCID: PMC6412520.
  12. Lai W.K., Kan M.Y. Homocysteine-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction. Ann Nutr Metab. 2015; 67 (1): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1159/000437098. Epub 2015 Jul 18. PMID: 26201664.
  13. Stojanović M., Todorović D., Šćepanović L., Mitrović D., Borozan S., Dragutinović V., LabudoviC-BoroviC M., Krstić D., ColoviC M., Djuric D. Subchronic methionine load induces oxidative stress and provokes biochemical and histological changes in the rat liver tissue. Mol Cell Biochem. 2018; 448 (1–2): 43–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-018-3311-2. Epub 2018 Feb 8. PMID: 29423685.
  14. Choi Y.J., Yoon Y., Lee K.Y., Kang Y.P., Lim D.K., Kwon S.W., Kang K.W., Lee S.M., Lee B.H. Orotic acid induces hypertension associated with impaired endothelial nitric oxide synthesis. Toxicol Sci. 2015; 144 (2): 307–17. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfv003. Epub 2015 Jan 19. PMID: 25601987.
  15. Dos Santos J.A., Polonini H.C., Suzuki É.Y., Raposo N.R., da Silva A.D. Synthesis of conjugated bile acids/azASTilbenes as potential antioxidant and photoprotective agents. Steroids. 2015; 98: 114–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.steroids.2015.03.009. Epub 2015 Mar 23. PMID: 25814069.
  16. Singh N., Bhattacharyya D. Identification of the anti-oxidant components in a two-step solvent extract of bovine bile lipid: Application of reverse phase HPLC, mass spectrometry and fluorimetric assays. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2016; 1019: 83–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.11.020. Epub 2015 Nov 30. PMID: 26639449.
  17. Griffin J.L., Bonney S.A., Mann C., Hebbachi A.M., Gibbons G.F., Nicholson J.K., Shoulders C.C., Scott J. An integrated reverse functional genomic and metabolic approach to understanding orotic acid-induced fatty liver. Physiol Genomics. 2004; 17 (2): 140–9. https://doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00158.2003. PMID: 14747661.
  18. Yin S., Dragusha S., Ejupi V., Shibata T., Kabashima T., Kai M. Sensitive and Selective Determination of Orotic Acid in Biological Specimens Using a Novel Fluorogenic Reaction. J. Fluoresc. 2015; 25 (4): 1005–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-015-1584-3. Epub 2015 May 31. PMID: 26026930.
  19. Torshin I.Ju., Gromova O.A. Molekuljarnye mehanizmy vozdejstvija orotata magnija na serdechno-sosudistuju sistemu. Ratsional'naja farmakoterapija v kardiologii. 2008; 5: 63–6. [Torshin I.Yu., Gromova O.A. Molecular mechanisms of the effect of magnesium orotate on the cardiovascular system. Racional`naya farmakoterapiya v kardiologii. 2008; 5: 63–6 (in Russian)]