Osteopontin as a factor of neuroinflammation in chronic non-infectious diseases

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2021-03-04

M.V. Matveeva(1), Yu.G. Samoilova(1), D.A. Kudlay(2, 3), K.R. Ratkina(1), D.V. Podchinenova(1), O.A. Oleinyk(1), N.M. Diraeva(1), 1-Siberian State Medical University, Moskovsky Trakt 2, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation; 2-NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, Kashirskoye highway 24, Moscow, 115522, Russian Federation; 3-I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya st. 8, build. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation Е-mail: [email protected]

Osteopontin (OPN) is a highly phosphorylated multifunctional glycosphoprotein with important functional activity in cancer and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus (DM), kidney and liver pathology, inflammatory process, and also influencing cell viability. Induced tissue remodeling and functional repair mainly depend on its positive role in coordinating proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses, anti-apoptotic action, and other mechanisms, such as effects on chemotaxis and proliferation of various cells. OPN has a key role on the secretion of interleukin-10 (IL)-10, -12, -3, interferon-γ, NF-κB, macrophages, and T cells. OPN has been widely used because of its ability to be used as a marker with diagnostic or prognostic value because its secreted levels can be measured and are comparable to its content in tissues. The purpose of this review is to examine the role of OPN in association with chronic noncommunicable diseases as well as neuroinflammation in these pathologies. Medline and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases from 2000 to 2021 were used to search the current literature.
Keywords: 
osteopontin, neuroinflammation, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cardiovascular pathology, cancer
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