METHODS FOR MODELING HYPOTHYROIDISM: CLASSIFICATION AND MODELING PRINCIPLES

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2021-04-04

A.M. Chaulin(1, 2), Yu.V. Grigorieva(2), G.N. Suvorova(2), D.V. Duplyakov(1, 2) 1-Samara Regional Cardiology Dispensary, Aerodromnaya str., 43, Samara, 443070, Russian Federation; 2-Samara State Medical University, Chapaevskaya St., 89, Samara, 443099, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected]

Researchers widely use methods for modeling experimental pathological conditions to develop and preclinically evaluate the effectiveness of new drugs and study structural and functional changes in various organs and tissues. Hypothyroidism (hypofunction of the thyroid gland) is one of the most widespread diseases, which affects almost all structures of the human body. Due to the large number of methods developed to date for modeling hypothyroidism, there is a need to systematize them. The purpose of the literature review is to systematize the principles of modeling the thyroid gland’s hypofunction. This review presents a general classification, discusses the principles of implementation, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the following hypothyroidism modeling methods: dietary, surgical, medicinal, immunological, radiosotopic, and genetic. These methods allow creating various specific conditions for the formation of hypofunction of the thyroid gland. To achieve the study’s goal, we analyzed the literature of domestic and foreign sources on the RSCI/elibrary and PubMed/Medline databases, respectively, published mainly during the last 20 years.
Keywords: 
hypothyroidism, thyroid hormones, modeling methods, iodine, thyroidectomy, thyrostatics, radioactive isotope of iodine, immunosuppressants, mutations
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