Коннексины: роль в межклеточных взаимодействиях в норме и при патологии дыхательной системы

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2023-05-02

Т.С. Зубарева(1, 3), В.Е. Королева(2), А.С. Зубарева(1, 3),
Ю.С. Крылова(1, 4), Е.С. Миронова(1, 3), П.К. Яблонский(1)
1-ФГБУ «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский
институт фтизиопульмонологии» Минздрава РФ,
Российская Федерация, 191036, Санкт-Петербург, Лиговский пр-т, д. 2–4;
2-ФГАОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого»,
Российская Федерация, 195251, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29;
3-АНО НИЦ «Санкт-Петербургский институт биорегуляции и геронтологии»,
Российская Федерация, 197110, Санкт-Петербург, пр. Динамо, д. 3;
4-ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный
медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» МЗ РФ,
Российская Федерация, 197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8

Актуальность. Обзор посвящен анализу современных представлений о функциональной роли коннексинов в межклеточных взаимодействиях, их участии в поддержании клеточного и тканевого гомеостаза и в патогенезе заболеваний дыхательной системы. Обсуждается возможность рассмотрения коннексинов как потенциальных мишеней для таргетной терапии. Целью исследования было рассмотреть возможные молекулярные механизмы межклеточных взаимодействий через щелевые каналы, образованные коннексинами и способы регуляции их работы. Материал и методы: анализ и систематизация научной литературы за последние 15 лет выполнен в базах данных PubMed, Scopus и Google Scholar. Результаты. Особое внимание в обзоре уделено участию коннексинов в составе щелевых контактов и полуканалов в процессах переноса через клеточную мембрану ионов кальция, молекул метаболитов, АТФ и митохондрий. Нарушения в регуляции этих процессов межклеточных взаимодействий вносит существенный вклад в патогенез многих заболеваний, в частности заболеваний дыхательной системы. Углубление понимания молекулярных механизмов работы различных коннексинов в щелевых каналах даст возможность перспективного развития терапевтических подходов с применением блокирования или стимулирования активности определенного коннексина с учетом его критических функций в реализации межклеточных взаимодействий в целом.
Ключевые слова: 
коннексин, Cx43, Cx37, коннексон, щелевой контакт, межклеточные взаимодействия, сигнальные молекулы, заболевания дыхательной системы, таргетная терапия.
Для цитирования: 
Зубарева Т.С., Королева В.Е., Зубарева А.С., Крылова Ю.С., Миронова Е.С., Яблонский П.К. Коннексины: роль в межклеточных взаимодействиях в норме и при патологии дыхательной системы. Молекулярная медицина, 2023; (5): 11-21https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2023-05-02
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